Thursday, October 31, 2019

Side-effects of social networking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Side-effects of social networking - Essay Example The contemporary world today is characterized by a complete use of the social media as a way of communication with the family of online friends. In the research conducted by numerous analysts and researchers, it is warranted to argue that social networking has profound effects on the user of the upcoming social networks, notable Facebook to Twitter. Privacy concerns In the argument by Ruff, it is evident that social media has been faced with numerous privacy concerns (54). Depending on the social network in use, privacy concerns differ from one site to the next. In the case of Facebook, it is obvious that the name of the user and other personal information is relieved to other persons using the same site, under the profile section (Ruff 93). However, other persons may not reveal their original identity; thus, making it difficult to assess the original user of the site (Houghton 132). In the event that persons reveal their original information, a lot of privacy concerns come up like u ser victimization, especially among the adolescent teens who have been indicated to sexually harass other users (Ruff 19). Though the level of harassment depends on the level of interaction with each other, Ruff indicates that cases of hacked accounts are not alien and naked pictures of users posted on the internet (94). Additionally a lot of people complain of being stalked by other whilst online, and are wary of the fact that their privacy may be infringed (Ruff 94). On the other hand, other persons become famous for no good reason. Persons have been seen to create Facebook pages that end up having huge followings, but in the real sense, the makers of the page are simply out for fame (Ruff 93). In the long run, personal information of the followers of their page may leak online, infringing on the privacy of such persons despite their need to enjoy the services of the social network. Despite the response by various social networks on the criticism of their privacy setting, the site claim that they have a privacy security setting that allows for persons to secure their pages (Ruff 94). Ruff continues to argue that the reality is security is not present in the case of the social media (29). Ruff emphasizes that it is criminal offence to invade the privacy of others (34) and insists that all persons who attempt to hack other people’s accounts must be reported as they are offenders, and this is also a way of mobilizing persons towards championing for cyber security (19). It is justified to conclude that privacy has become a great issue when it comes to social networking. Defamation and social media Defamation is yet another serious side effect of social media. De Vos indicates the social media has a way of bringing out the worst in persons (1). In the event that persons do not weigh what they say and post on Facebook and Twitter, it is almost obvious that there will be an online community of hate mongers, irresponsible gossips, who if the case goes extreme , there is a likelihood that the same persons will be summoned in court to answer allegations of hate speech and disturbance (De Vos 1). Wilkins & Christians argue that in the ethics of global communication, it is important to assess issues of cyber spam, defamation and deception (65). This will result to a solid basis of global cultural values that govern their manner in which people relate to one another; thus, professional communication, social responsibility, free expression and accountability (Wilkins & Christians 65). De Vos says that the cyberspace has become chaotic, as persons for instance on Twitter have been posting statements that tarnish the names of others, government

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

Drug Use and Delinquency Essay Example for Free

Drug Use and Delinquency Essay Drug Use and Delinquency Response Adolescents may try drugs just to experiment or by feeling pressured into trying the drug by other family members or friends. Drug use among adolescences may lead to delinquency for the fact that an adolescents’ behavior most likely started before the start of drugs or alcohol. I will give a brief explanation on reasons for delinquency and drug use starting with reasons adolescents may start using drugs or alcohol and then describe how drug use may relate to delinquency. According to studies adolescents who experienced substance abuse gave several reasons in why they turned to drugs or alcohol such as â€Å"my friends pressured me† or â€Å"I wanted to feel good and get high,† â€Å"to have a good time with friends,† or to â€Å"escape from my problems† (Titus, Godley White 2006, p33. ). Adolescents may also be influenced by other negative events that may be happening in the adolescent’s life. Research typically shows the reasons related to starting drugs or alcohol is peer-social behavior, dealing with negative conditions or feelings, or achieving a satisfying state (Titus, Godley White, 2006). Studies reveal positive and negative emotions in the understanding of deviant behavior in youths’. Most teenagers generally use drugs for gratification however the adolescents who may become addicted say they are unhappy with past decisions or current situations (Brunelle, Cousineau, Brochu, (2005). There could be many factors in how drug use becomes related to delinquency for example by having family conflict inside the house it could lead to an adolescences delinquency such as damaging property or the start of substance abuse. Research shows adolescents with less supervision and monitoring, more family conflict, and weak parent/child attachment most likely is at more risk in delinquency and drug use (Fagan, Van Horn, Antaramian Hawkins 2011).

Sunday, October 27, 2019

Risk management by indian banks

Risk management by indian banks Case analysis: Risk management by Indian banks The banking and financial crises in recent years in emerging economies have demonstrated that, when things go wrong with the financial system, they can result in a severe economic downturn. From this perspective, financial sector reforms are essential in order to avoid such costs. These reforms have become the tools for banks to manage risk. Some of the tools are: 1) Interest Rate Scenario The first important issue that I would like to highlight relates to interest rates. Interest rates reflect strongly to inflation rates, there has been a distinct downward drift in the inflation rate during the second half of the 1990s, which is now at around half the level as compared with the first half of the 1990s. Both the popular measures of inflation the Wholesale Price Index (WPI) and the Consumer Price Index (CPI) have shown a definite fall in the recent period. This is clearly reflected in the downward trend in nominal interest rates. The banks have also reduced their deposit rates. But the lending rates of banks have not come down as much. While banks have reduced their prime lending rates (PLRs) to some extent and are also extending sub-PLR loans and effective lending rates continue to remain high (Table 1 and Chart 1). 2) Lending to Small and Medium Enterprises Banks have now understood the problems with lending large organizations. The large organization not only reduces the interest rates by bargaining but also makes default payments by which banks are under tremendous risk, and hence banks are now making a move to provide more loans to small and medium enterprises. 3) Revival of Long-Term Financing The development finance institutions (DFIs) were set up in the 1950s to provide medium and long-term finance to the private sector. Many of these institutions were sponsored by the Government. DFIs were expected to resolve long-term credit shortages and to acquire and disseminate skills necessary to assess projects and banks creditworthiness. The current trend is of DFIs converting themselves into banks. In this context, the future of long-term lending acquires great importance. 4) Non-Performing Assets As of March 31, 2002, the gross NPAs of scheduled commercial banks stood at Rs.71,000 crore, of which the NPAs of public sector banks constituted Rs.57,000 crore. The absolute amount of NPAs continues to be a major drag on the performance of banks. Banks uses the process of securitisation of assets to remove NPAs from the balance sheets. 5) Investing in government securities: In the current interest rate environment, banks are finding it more profitable to invest in government securities. In 2001-02, trading profits of public sector banks more than doubled to Rs.5,999 crore from Rs.2,250 crore in 2000-01. The net profits of these banks during these two years were Rs.4,317 crore and Rs.8,301 crore respectively and this includes an additional Rs.1,365 crore and Rs.1,547 crore from forex operations. The Reserve Bank has been encouraging banks to be proactive in risk management and banks have been directed to maintain a certain level of Investment Fluctuation Reserve (IFR). TABLE 1 : REAL INTEREST RATES Year Weighted Weighted Average Average Inflation Rate Real Interest Rate Ended Average Average Cost of Cost of WPI Manufact- CPI-IW Borrowers Central Depositors March Lending Interest Rate Aggregate Time uring Price Government Rate of of Central Deposits Deposits SCBs Government of SCBs of SCBs Securities 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9=(2-7) 10=(3-6) 11=(5-8) 1990-91 15.0 11.4 8.1 10.6 10.3 8.4 4.6 6.6 1.1 6.0 1991-92 16.5 11.8 7.1 9.1 13.7 11.3 13.5 5.2 -1.9 -4.4 1992-93 16.8 12.5 7.7 9.6 10.1 10.9 9.6 5.9 2.4 0.0 1993-94 16.5 12.6 6.9 8.7 8.4 7.8 7.5 8.7 4.2 1.2 1994-95 16.1 11.9 6.4 7.0 12.5 12.2 10.1 3.9 -0.6 -3.1 1995-96 17.1 13.8 6.9 8.5 8.1 8.6 10.2 8.5 5.7 -1.7 1996-97 16.9 13.7 7.6 9.4 4.6 2.1 9.4 14.8 9.1 0.0 1997-98 16.3 12.0 7.3 8.8 4.4 2.9 6.8 13.4 7.6 2.0 1998-99 15.5 11.9 7.4 8.9 5.9 4.4 13.1 11.1 6.0 -4.2 1999-00 15.0 11.8 7.1 8.6 3.3 2.7 3.4 12.3 8.5 5.2 2000-01 14.3 11.0 6.8 8.1 7.2 3.3 3.8 11.0 3.8 4.3 2001-02 13.9 9.4 7.0* 8.3* 3.6 1.8 4.3 12.1 5.8 4.0 Average 1990-91 to 1995-96 16.3 12.3 7.2 8.9 10.5 9.9 10.4 6.5 1.8 -0.3 1996-97 to 2001-02 15.3 11.6 7.2 8.7 4.8 2.9 6.8 12.5 6.8 1.9 Table 2 : Comparative Position of International Real Interest Rates Country / Money Long-term Prime Rate Inflation Rate GDP Growth Period Average Market Rate G-sec Yield United States 1991 to 1996 1.50 3.71 4.40 3.09 2.58 1997 to 2001 2.73 3.20 5.73 2.46 3.37 United Kingdom 1991 to 1996 4.05 5.30 4.25 3.25 1.92 1997 to 2001 3.40 2.77 3.46 2.57 2.76 Germany 1991 to 1996 3.63 4.09 9.04 2.85 3.20 1997 to 2001 1.99 3.17 7.75 1.57 1.75 Japan 1991 to 1996 2.00 2.78 3.57 1.16 1.74 1997 to 2001 0.09 1.40 2.07 0.13 0.69 Korea 1991 to 1996 7.50 7.21 3.16 5.99 7.35 1997 to 2001 4.79 5.85 6.74 3.82 4.31 Thailand 1991 to 1996 3.71 5.78 7.74 4.97 8.17 1997 to 2001 3.22 4.65 6.98 3.44 -0.20 China 1991 to 1996 N.A. N.A. -2.09 12.32 11.61 1997 to 2001 N.A. N.A. 6.28 0.23 7.93 India 1991 to 1996 3.43 N.A. 6.57 10.52 5.41 1997 to 2001 3.40 5.87 7.62 5.08 6.14 Hungary 1991 to 1996 N.A. N.A. 5.11 25.04 -1.63 1997 to 2001 N.A. N.A. 4.13 12.29 4.52

Friday, October 25, 2019

Essay on The Great Gatsby -- English Literature

Essay on The Great Gatsby The Great Gatsby is a novel about a man who tries to win over a woman he had lost many years ago. Jay Gatsby is the hero in this novel because he stands out amongst the rich. Unlike the rest of the rich people in this novel Gatsby has moral values, and the rest of them can only grasp things of material value. Gatsby spends his whole life trying to hide the fact that he wasn’t like the others. Gatsby never fits in among them because what he perceives of them is all wrong, they were as uncivil as anyone else. Through being less primitive than the rich, determination for love, being ruled by his emotions that erase any doubt, he is quiet tempered; which upholds his greatness, and he is protected by others that tell us of his importance. Gatsby is not as primitive as the rest of the rich humans, he is more mannered and civil. The people at his parties are all wild and not civil, what you would not expect from people of this stature. Gatsby is this way because he has had to earn his money and has not just inherited it like the lazy lot of them. The only other person that comes close to Gatsby is Nick, but we don’t get to see what he would be like with wealth. Throughout the novel Gatsby looks out upon the crowd, when he comes down to greet Nick he is very polite to everyone surrounding him, knowing they spread rumors and lies about him. He doesn’t think anything of it because he knows it’s natural for people to gossip, he can’t judge them on it because it is the crowd he wishes to become. Nick tells Gatsby he is better than the whole rotten bunch of them, Nick realizes this because he knows what it is like to be poor and he knows Gatsby still acts like a poor man, but he has all t... ...new him. He always wants Nick to come with him on things he is unsure of, like when meeting daisy for the first time in eight years (p.83). He needs others to fulfill his confidence in himself, it is how he got as far he did in the novel (money wise). He only meets new people through association with someone else in the novel, he meets Nick through Jordan and Daisy through Nick. He is like this because he expects things to come to him like they have in the past like his job from Meyer Wolfshiem. James Gatsby is the hero in the novel through: his modern acts, determination for love, his conquering emotions, his quiet temperament, and his protected state. A hero is someone unlike the others and Gatsby fills this character perfectly in the novel. Therefore Gatsby is the character and no one else should even be considered for his place in The Great Gatsby.

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Medical Terminology Essay

1. How can eliminating abbreviations reduce errors? Abbreviations are usually used for convenience, to save space and to avoid the trouble of spelling out the word fully. Abbreviations are used in medical records and in medical language. Though the usage of abbreviations do have some advantage and make the recording easy and faster, there are several difficulties that could be faced in using abbreviations in medical record. It makes it difficult for the medical professional to understand properly, takes longer to train medical personnel, and it delays proper patient care and often times it hinders patient care. So eliminating abbreviations can reduce and avoid to certain extent some of these difficulties. Spelling out the word will help understand the message properly and give the right kind of treatment or service as required. Proper communication becomes impossible when abbreviations are used sparingly in documentation. â€Å"When we rely on abbreviations in our business writing, we start a process of â€Å"inbreeding† that may prevent us from clearly communicating our thoughts to people outside our company, department, or discipline. Readers are intimidated when they see a bunch of abbreviations; rather than risk embarrassment by asking you what the abbreviations stand for, they’ll read without really comprehending your message (or will skip your document altogether). To make your writing clear, use abbreviations sparingly and explain every abbreviation you do use. Always define an abbreviation the first time you use it†. 2. Should written polices be developed for Abbreviation usage? If yes, what should the policies contain? If no explain. Yes, it is essential that written polices be developed for abbreviation usage. This will help in using the abbreviations properly and will avoid the consequent errors and difficulties in communication, especially in medical records and communication. In medical record keeping, already there are regulations in using abbreviations: â€Å"Each healthcare facility develops its won list of acceptable abbreviations (that can be used in documents produce in that facility) and a list of unacceptable or â€Å"do not use abbreviations†. In addition to that (JCACHO) has a list of abbreviations that should not be used because they cause errors. JCAHO’s National Safety Goal states that these   abbreviations must appear on a facility’s â€Å"do not use list†.2 So the written policies should contain a list of abbreviations that can be used and should not be used to avoid errors in medical as well as in all documents and communi- cation. â€Å"JCAHO also has addressed errors in interpretation of abbreviations commonly used in health records by publishing a prohibited abbreviation list. The abbreviations note on the list should not be found in the patient health care records of their accredited providers. providers†. 3. When are abbreviations acceptable? Who should use them and why? Abbreviations are acceptable in documents and communication. It is a method of communication In saving time, space and trouble in spelling out the full word. As such using abbreviation can help in solving certain time consuming communication. Medical and technical professionals are the main users of abbreviation. â€Å"Abbreviated terms—whether abbreviations, initialisms, acronyms or symbols—save time, space, and the needless repetitions. However, decisions about acceptable and appropriate abbreviations remain ambiguous in modern publishing. While few general rules apply, in most cases, writers need to be familiar with the rules and conventions recognized by specific Usage authorities.† â€Å"Only abbreviations and symbols approved by the organization should and/or medical staff rules and regulations should be used in the health record.†5 In an organization, the rules and regulations in using abbreviations should be written and maintained as a policy item and should be informed to all the staff, so that proper communication and accurate record keeping are possible by avoiding errors and confusion, at the same time saving much time and effort in searching for the right word and meaning of abbreviations use. â€Å"Organizations that create or use abbreviations often in their work should develop an abbreviation data base or glossary to ensure consistency. This data base will also serve as the basis for decisions about abbreviations among different disciples and organizations.† 4. According to the information in the online articles, do you think enough steps have been taken to reduce errors? Explain why you agree or disagree. No, not enough steps have been taken to reduce errors. In fact there is not much done so far to reduce errors occurring from the use of abbreviations. At present the use of abbreviations have increased tremendously due to the internet and internet based communication facilities. â€Å"Widespread use of electronic communication through mobile phones, and the internet during 1990’s allowed for a marked rise in colloquial abbreviation. This was due largely to increasing popularity of textual communication services such as instant-and text messaging. SMS for instance supports message†. In spite of such increased use of abbreviations, there is no proper step taken to avoid errors in modern methods of communication. Even in technical and medical profession there is need for improvement in streamlining the usage of abbreviations. Specific rules and regulation should be outlined for abbreviation usage in all fields so that the related errors and confusion in the usage of abbreviations can be reduced if not eliminated. REFERENCE: 1. Gary Black and Robert W Bly: The Elements of Business Writing, Macmillan Publishing Company, New York,1991, p. 116 2. Susan Turley: Medical Language, p. 26 3. Merida L Johns: Health Information Management Technology, AHIMA, Chicago, 2007, p. 93. 4. Philip Rubens: Science & Technical Writing, Routledge, New York, 2001, p. 125 5. Medida L Johns; Health information Management Technology, AHIMA, Chicago, 2007, p. 92 6. Philip Rubens: Science & Technical Writing, Routledge, New York, 2001, p. 126 7. Internet: Wikipedia, Abbreviation, p.2

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

EBooks vs. Books Essay Example

EBooks vs. Books Essay Example EBooks vs. Books Essay EBooks vs. Books Essay This morning was like any other day. I got up to see the sun rise, and then w .NET into the forest to find something to eat for breakfast. Most days were quiet in the land of the C yeses. All you could hear were your own thoughts, and the occasional chirp from a nearby bird. Most o f the inhabitants kept to themselves, and no one entered others property without previous consent of the owner. This morning was different though. I could hear multiple voices coming from afar. I looked into t he distance to see a vessel anchoring back at the beach. There were about 1 5 crew members on the ship from what I could see. At the time, I didnt think much of it. Just a couple of humans lost at sea, I said to myself. Unfortunately, I didnt h eave much luck when hunting. All managed to catch was a small boar, that didnt satisfy my appetite e the slightest. When I returned back to my fields, gathered all of my sheep so I could bring them b ace to my cave. When I came close to my home, I heard the voices of the humans once again. But this time, they were much louder. To my surprise, the entire crew from the ship had made themselves comfortable in my cave. My mood changed ere quickly, and I roared with anger. Right as entered the cave, two of the m en attempted to escape, but were caught and dropped into my mouth before they could say a word. After that, I rolled a round boulder in front of the entrance, trapping everyone else in my cave. A muscular, tall man clothed in brown armor approached me shortly after. Watched the perspiration slowly run down his f ace as he opened his mouth to speak. I apologize, sir, for trespassing on your property. The human explained. Who at sour name? the man replied. Nodded and shouted, For am the Cyclops Polymorphous,human?!